A gel-like substance derived from red algae, used widely in labs to provide a nutrient-rich medium for fungal cultures.

A pressure-steam sterilisation machine used to eliminate all microorganisms and spores, ensuring contamination-free growing conditions.

A laboratory-grown sample of fungal cells (typically mycelium) maintained on nutrient media for research, cloning, or propagation.

The visible reproductive structure of a fungus (e.g. mushroom), which produces spores for dispersal.

Microscopic thread-like filaments forming the fungal network (mycelium) that penetrates and digests substrate.

A symbiotic organism formed by a fungus living in association with algae or cyanobacteria, often observed on rocks and trees.

The web-like, vegetative mass of hyphae that constitutes the main body of a fungus, vital for nutrient absorption.

Beneficial symbiotic relationships between fungal mycelium and plant roots, enhancing nutrient uptake for both partners.

A gentle heating process used to partially sterilise substrates, reducing but not eliminating microbial competition.

A microscopic reproductive cell produced by fungi, capable of germinating into new mycelium under suitable conditions.